Louis Pasteur (27 December 1822, Dole – 28 September 1895, Saint-Cloud) was a French chemist and biologist, best known for the pasteurisation process named after him and for his discovery of the rabies vaccine. ♦ Early life and education Louis Pasteur was born in Dole, the third child of Jean-Joseph Pasteur and Jeanne-Étienne Roqui. His father was a tanner by trade. Pasteur studied chemistry and biology. ♦ Scientific career Began in 1848 with research into tartaric acid …

Ignaz Semmelweis (1 July 1818, Buda – 13 August 1865, Vienna) was a Hungarian doctor in the Austrian Empire. He is now recognised as the father of the antiseptic method ♦ Early life and education Ignaz Semmelweis was born in 1818; his father was a grocer in Buda After completing his secondary education in Pest, he enrolled at the University of Vienna in 1837. In July 1844, he decided to study obstetrics at the Vienna General Hospital and became an assistant to Professor Johann Klein.…

Edward Jenner (17 May 1749 – 26 January 1823) was an English physician and the developer of the smallpox vaccine derived from cowpox. ♦ Early life Edward Jenner was born in Berkeley, Gloucestershire, the eighth of nine children of the local vicar, Stephen Jenner, and his wife Sarah. When Edward was five years old, his parents died and he was brought up by his eldest sister. From an early age, Edward took a keen interest in nature. ♦ Education He attended school in Wotton-under-…

Was a Dutch merchant, surveyor, wine roe-rower, glassblower and microbiologist. Van Leeuwenhoek is best known for his homemade microscope and his pioneering work in cell biology and microbiology. From 1674 onwards, he made many discoveries that became known through his correspondence with the Royal Society in London. ♦ Life Van Leeuwenhoek was born in Delft in 1632, the son of Philips Antonyszoon, a basket maker, and Margaretha Bel van den Berch, who came from a family of beer brewers. On …